6 CERAMIC
MATERIALS
VITA Mark II is the CEREC material with the longest track record. This feldspar
ceramic is available in monochromatic blocks in a variety of 3D Master
shades. This same material is also available in a polychromatic version (VITA
Triluxe) with differently shaded layers.
The monochromatic CEREC Blocs as well as polychromatic CEREC Blocs PC
available from Sirona are also made of feldspar ceramic. They are available
in the most popular Classical and 3D Master shades.
The Ivoclar Empress CAD blocks (formerly called ProCad) consist of a
leucite-reinforced glass ceramic material. They are available in the shades
A-D, with two degrees of translucency respectively. Ivoclar also markets
polychromatic blocks (“Multi”).
The lithium disilicate glass ceramic blocks (e.max CAD LT) can be conventionally
cemented.
6.1 STRENGTH
Dental ceramics can be divided into two categories according to
their microstructure:
1. Aesthetic enamel-like ceramics with a glass content in excess
of 50%. The physical characteristics (e.g. strength, hardness,
abrasion properties, opacity, and colour shade) can be modified
by the addition of fillers.
2. Polycrystalline ceramics for frameworks. These consist of
particles
with an identical crystalline structure. These relatively
opaque materials are much stronger than glass ceramics.
Nearly all these versions are available as conventional laboratory
ceramics and as machinable CEREC ceramics. Polycrystalline
zirconium
oxide and aluminium oxide ceramics are reserved exclusively
for CAD/CAM systems.
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CONCLUSION CEREC and inLab systems can machine all the relevant types
of dental ceramics and hence are future-compatible and
universally deployable.
6.2 ABRASION
Veneering ceramics in particular have been criticized for causing
wear to the antagonists and for being more abrasion-resistant than
tooth enamel.
As long ago as 1991 Krejci demonstrated that VITA Mark II displays
the same abrasion properties as natural enamel.
The surfaces of CEREC do not need to be polished or glazed. There
is no difference with regard to abrasive wear and tear of the tooth
enamel.
The abrasiveness of VITA Mark II does not differ significantly from
gold. The material itself is abraded at the same rate as gold.
CONCLUSION CEREC ceramics do not damage the antagonists and display
abrasive properties that are similar to gold.